Text Books

• Karim Yaghmour, Jon Masters, Gilad Ben-Yossef, Philippe Gerum Building Embedded Linux Systems
• Robert Love Linux System Programming
• Jonathan Corbet, Alessandro Rubini, Greg Kroah-Hartman Linux Device Drivers
• Robert Love Linux Kernel Development
• Eben Upton, Jeff Duntemann, Ralph Roberts, Tim Mamtora, Ben Everard Learning Computer Architecture with Raspberry PI
• Liu Real Time Systems

Course Content

NOTE: Topics below are tentative (until we are past that week). We will update it as we go through the lectures in each week.
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Topic	Slides
Introduction	intro.pptx
Linux scheduling	scheduling1.pdf, scheduling2.pdf
Real Time Systems	realtime1.pdf, realtime2.pdf, realtime3.pdf
FreeRTOS	FreeRTOS Book	Chapters 3,4,5,7,8
Linux device drivers, hal/ll	Embedded Linux, Device Tree,	Linux Device Driver, STM32 HAL LL libraries
	Minor Exam Syllabus till this
Embedded Machine Learning inferences	Embedded ML overview embeddedML_overview.pdf ML Model Architecture changes to reduce computations and storage: (i) Original computations and storage needed in basic CNN forward pass cnn-basics.pdf, (ii) 1x1 bottleneck layer inception-1x1-bottlenecklayer.pdf, Andrew NG video, (iii) depthwise separable convolutions mobilenet-depthwise-separable-convolution.pdf ML model compression technqiues: (i) Quantization quantization.pdf, (ii) Pruning pruning.pdf	Additional online resources on ML model compression: tensorflow, tensorflowlite, ristretto, pytorch, STM32, nvidia tensorrt, tensorrt sample script
Security of embedded platforms and privacy of data collected with embedded platforms	1. System security (virus example for reverse_tcp connection on Windows) and network security (nMap for port scanning, ssh and tomcat brute force attacks on Metasploitable), defence mechanism using write detection and write protection security.pdf 2. Why privacy is not just a technical problem dataprivacy.pdf, one technical method for data privacy, namely secure multi-party computation with garbled circuit garbledcircuit_slides.pdf, garbledcircuit_video.mp4. Handout from John Hopkins garbledcircuit_handout.pdf	1. Example of applying secure MPC for an embedded/mobile application secureMPC_example.pdf 2. Wikipedia article on Yao's garbled circuit Yao's GC
Revisiting embedded Machine Learning inferences	1. The difference between Gen1 and Gen2 NN compilers NNcompilers.pdf 2. Gen2 NN compiler ANSOR_paper.pdf, ANSOR_slides.pdf 3. Runtime management in an inference serving system NNruntime.pdf, nexus.pdf	list of 10 papers that students presented, on compilers and runtime for inferences at paperlist
	Major Exam Syllabus till this

Assignments

• Assignment 1 (5 marks): Code is given. Students have to run the code and show appropriate outputs. Explain the ioc file configurations and the functions given. Goal of the assignment is to get used to STM32CubeIDE and its project/code structure, the nucleo board, how to use breadboard with jumper wires and sensor.
  Basic setup: Choose L07R0Z nucleo as platform in STM32Cube IDE and create project with default IoC file. Add code in main.c to toggle LED and print on UART. See the print statements in the serial console within the IDE.
  Sensor interfacing: a. Download the source files in bmp.tar.gz. As this contains code, Chrome and other browsers might try to block the download. You need to say "Keep" or something similar and save it.
  b. Create a new project in STM32CubeIDE, but this time enable I2C1 communication in the IoC file. Check the new pins that turn green in IDE (SCL and SDA for I2C) and match with the pinout in nucleo_pinouts. If the pins are not easy to remember on the nucleo board, change them in the IDE, so that the new pins on the board are easy to remember and use. Save the ioc file and click yes, when prompted to generate code. This will create all the boilerplate code, which you will edit. Connect the sensor to the breadboard with jumper wires, and the other end of the jumper wires to appropriate places on the nucleo.
  c. Put the downloaded code in appropriate places within the created project -- .h file in Core/Inc and .c file in Core/Src. Don't replace the main.c. Instead open the main.c automatically generated in your project, and the main.c you downloaded and include the lines from the latter to the former manually, understanding what each line does. Check the corresponding function defintions in bmp280.h and bmp280.c files, so that you can explain the functions during demo.
  d. Build the project and run it. If you have done everything correctly, then you will see readings from the BMP280 sensor being printed on the serial console. Debug, till that doesn't happen.



• Assignment 2 (15 marks): Arduino library is given for MAX30102 sensor. This sensor also works on I2C , similar to the BMP280 sensor used in Assignment1. The task is to port the library to STM32, process the rawsensor data for meaningful observations, and configure interreupts on the sensor.
  Base library porting to STM32: arduino1 and arduino2 are two sample Arduino libraries to make Arduino boards get data from the MAX30102 sensor. We need to read data from the sensor using our STM32 Nucleo board. So the first task is to port the files from the Arduino libraries to an STM32CubeIDE project. You can define your own structs and functions, if you feel like, using the Arudino repos for reference. There needs to be initialization functions for the sensor, as well as functions to read the raw data. Your main.c should call the initialization functions, and then read red LED data polling the sensor in the infinite while loop, printing the raw data read on the serial console. basic data is a blog describing this.
  Additional functions for sensor data processing Both Arduino libraries have additional code to process the sensor data for more reliable heartbeat, heartrate and SpO2 values. Port these codes to your project, with these new functions now called from main.c. Heart Rate Measurement, Advanced Heart Beat Detection and Pulse Oximetry are three blogs explaining the sesnor data processing.
  Use interrupt line: MAX30102 can send interrupts to microcontroller. Try configuring the interrupt for correct temperature readings Temperature Interrupt.



• Assignment 3 (5 marks) Read and write files into SD card over SPI interface. Follow tutorial, which has code given. Make changes in ioc and physical pin connections, suitable for your nucleo board.